Am 5. Januar 2016 bezeichnete das Bundesberufungsgericht des zweiten Bezirks der USA diese Bedenken als berechtigt – und zudem als ausschlaggebend. Jeder Souverän muss die Staatsakte seiner Kollegen respektieren. Das Untergericht war zu weit gegangen, wie der United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ausführt:
The Decree and Assignment were indisputably acts of a foreign government. The declaration of a United States court that the executive branch of the Russian government violated its own law by transferring its own rights to its own quasi-governmental entity (FTE) would be an affront to the government of a foreign sovereign. Even an inquiry into whether Russian law permitted the Assignment is a breach of comity. "So long as the act is the act of the foreign sovereign, it matters not how grossly the sovereign has transgressed its own laws." Banco de Espana v. Fed. Reserve Bank of N.Y., 114 F.2d 438, 444 (2d Cir. 1940).